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First Aid
Assessment and Initial Action: Safety, self and others, Orderly methods of getting bystanders to help, Checking airway and breathing, bleeding unconsciousness, shock and other needs, Calling for assistance, exact location, number of casualties, etc. Multiple casualties and injuries, etc., Diagnosis, history, signs and symptoms.
Examination: Head, neck, spine, trunk, arms and legs
Major First Aid Techniques: Respiration, resuscitation, opening the airway, Mouth-to-mouth and mouth to nose ventilation, External chest compression, Resuscitation for two first-aiders, Resuscitation for children, The recovery position, Manual method of ventilation, Blood and circulation, Controlling blood loss.
Asphyxia: Suffocation, hanging, strangling throttling, drowning, smoke inhalation, carbon monoxide poisoning, choking, blast injury, stove-in-chest, electrical injuries, asthma, winding, hiccups
How body responds to injury: Major external bleeding, minor external bleeding, infected wounds, internal haemorrhage, and special forms of bleeding, scalp wounds, bleeding from ear, nose, gums. Mouth wounds, eye wounds, wounds to palm of hand, abdominal and penetration wounds, vaginal bleeding, crash injuries, bruises, animal bites, bleeding, varicose veins, snake bite. All the necessary practical work is incorporated in the treatment of all mentioned conditions.
Circulatory Disorder- the pulse, shock, fainting, heart-attacks, angina-pectoris, stroke
The nervous system
The unconscious casualty -The levels of responsiveness
Head injury: Epilepsy, Infantile convulsion, Hysteria, Emergencies in diabetics.
Burns and Scalds: Clothing on fire, Dry burns and scalds, Burns of the mouth and throat, Chemical burns, Sunburn, Snow blindness and welders flash.
Effects of Extremes in Temperature: Hypothermia, Frostbite, Heat Exhaustion, Heat Stroke
Poisoning: The digestive system, Household poisons, Poisonous plants, Food poisoning, Drug poisoning, Alcohol poisoning, Industrial poisoning, Severe allergic reactions
Foreign Bodies: Splinters, foreign bodies in the nose, foreign bodies in the ear, foreign bodies in the eye, stings, fish hooks in the skin and swallowed foreign bodies.
Aches: Headaches, migraine, toothache, earache, neck ache, back ache, abdominal pain.
Procedures at a Major Incident: Road traffic accident, Fire
Dressings & Bandages: Dressings, adhesive dressings, sterile un-medicated dressings, gauze dressings, adhesive strapping, improved dressings, cold compresses bandages. Checking circulation, triangular bandages, slings, hand/foot bandage, scalp bandage, roller bandages, bandaging around a foreign body or open fracture, elbow/neck bandage, hand/foot bandage, tubular gauze bandage, splints, first aid kits.
Handling & transport: lifting casualties, carries for one first aider and carries for two first aiders, stretchers. Preparing a stretcher or trolley bed, loading a stretcher, carrying a stretcher, loading an ambulance, unloading an ambulance.
Miscarriage, emergency childbirth and sports injuries
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